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Filogeografía del desmán ibérico (Galemys pyrenaicus) y su Distribución en la Red de parques nacionales
статья

Год: 2013

Авторы: Castresana J., Igea J., Aymerich P., Fernández-González Á., Gosálbez J.

Издание: Castresana P. 143-154.

The Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) is a threatened semi-aquatic mammal of which we ignore some basics aspects of its genetic diversity and structure. Moreover, there is limited updated information about its distribution. In this study, we sampled the rivers and streams a priori favorable for this species in the three National Parks with previous records (Picos de Europa, Ordesa у Monte Perdido, and Aigiiestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici), with the aim of finding desman droppings and updating its distribution in these Parks. Moreover, we developed a method of genetic identification of excrements based on the amplification and sequencing of mitochondrial genes that allowed us to confirm the species of origin, since some desman excrements can get confused with those of other semi-aquatic mammals such as species of the genus Neomys. Using this protocol we could confirm desman droppings in some basins of the National Park of Picos de Europa, but in others it was very scarce or absent. We also found desman excrements in the eastern part of the National Park of Aigiiestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici, but in its western part and in the National Park of Ordesa у Monte Perdido, we did not find any desman excrement. These results reveal a very fragmented distribution of desman populations, even in places apparently optimal for the species. In addition, an analysis of mitochondrial sequences of these samples along with others of the rest of the distribution range helped to confirm a strong genetic structure, with the desman populations divided into two main groups, which were further subdivided into four lineages with little genetic exchange between them. These genetic data allowed us to infer that the evolutionary history of the Pyrenean desman was largely determined by the existence of glacial refugia within the Iberian Peninsula, with the most important refugium placed in the northwestern part. Furthermore, it was found that, despite tire strong aquatic requirements of the desman, the genetic structure of this species was not as influenced by river basins as expected. All these results should be considered in conservation programs of the Pyrenean desman in both the Spanish Network of National Parks as well as at the level of the whole distribution range of the species.



Тэги: conservation genetics, mammals, mitochondrial genes, Pyrenean desman, Iberian endemism, semi-aquatic